 | Gabrielle Kirk MacDonald, Olivia Q. Swaak-Goldman - 2000 - Страниц: 730
...Protocol II include prohibitions against making persons who are not taking a direct part in hostilities the object of attack, acts or threats of violence...purpose of which is to spread terror among the civilian population,36 and the starvation of civilians as a method of combat.37 Special protections are accorded... | |
 | Anne Fruma Bayefsky, Joan Fitzpatrick - 2000 - Страниц: 342
...against dangers arising from military operations". 1 ' It must not be the object of attack. Furthermore, "acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of...terror among the civilian population are prohibited".' 6 The Protocols also take into account the fact that civilians sometimes participate in the hostilities.... | |
 | Frits Kalshoven - 2000 - Страниц: 540
...conduct of hostilities themselves. Article 13 of Additional Protocol II states the basic principle that "the civilian population, as such, as well as individual civilians, shall not be the object of attack". This replicates the provision of Article 51 (2) of Additional Protocol I. However, unlike Additional... | |
 | Paul R. Pillar - 2001 - Страниц: 272
...basic prohibitions against attacking civilians remain in effect. The new rules further specify that "acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of...terror among the civilian population are prohibited." 6 Codified international law on terrorism goes beyond the relevant portions of the law of war. A dozen... | |
 | Stuart Maslen - 2001 - Страниц: 339
...exceptions to this general reality is Article 13 of 1977 Additional Protocol II, which declares that 'the civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians, shall not be the object of attack.' Greenwood, C., Humanitarian Law and Laws of War, op. cit., p. 63. Greenwood notes, however, that the... | |
 | Peter Phillips, Project Censored - 2002 - Страниц: 404
...intent is to kill people," stated General Peter Pace. The Geneva Protocol 1, Article 51.2, states: "the civilian population as such, as well as individual...terror among the civilian population are prohibited." Source: <WWW.WSWS.ORG>, December 30, 2001 "Anthrax Spores Made in the USA: US Anthrax Attacks Linked... | |
 | Bruno Coppieters, N. Fotion - 2002 - Страниц: 348
...unjustified. Article 51 of the Protocol I Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 states that "acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of...terror among the civilian population are prohibited." In both peacekeeping operations and instances of humanitarian intervention, the primary concern is... | |
 | Knut Dörmann - 2003 - Страниц: 588
...offence is derived to a large extent from Art. 13(2) first sentence AP ll, which reads as follows: The civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians, shall not be the object of attack. Remarks concerning the elements Unlike AP l applicable to international armed conflicts, the instruments... | |
 | Fiona Terry - 2002 - Страниц: 302
...they do not take part in hostilities. Not only are attacks against civilians forbidden, but so are "acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of which is to spread terror among the civilian population."29 Indiscriminate attacks, reprisals against the civilian population, and the use of civilians... | |
 | Joe Stork, Kristen Kane, Human Rights Watch (Organization) - 2002 - Страниц: 159
...the Geneva Conventions, which by its terms governs wars of national self-determination, states that the "civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians, shall not be the object of attack," and that "[a]cts or threats of violence the primary purpose of which is to spread terror among the... | |
| |
The civilian population as such, as well as individual civilians, shall not be the object of attack. Acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of which is to spread terror among the civilian population are prohibited. 
