...followed by a major military response. Shortly after the attacks, Congress authorized the President to use "force against those nations, organizations, or persons...aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 1 1 , 200 1 , or harbored such organizations or persons, in order to prevent any future acts of international...

...president the authority to establish military commissions. By conferring upon the President the authority "to use all necessary and appropriate force against...determines planned, authorized, committed or aided" the September 1 1 attacks, the AUMF had authorized the President to conduct war. One incident of the power...

...stating: Congress has, in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks, author teed the President to 'use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons be determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks' or 'harbored such organizations...

...international terrorists and terrorist organizations, including those nations, organizations, or persons who planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 1 1 , 2001." -George Bush, certification to Congress to authorize the use of force in Iraq —"No,...